“Man is said to the microcosm
and the Universe is Macrocosm, because what exists in the Universe exists in
man.”
Matter and Energy
The
Universe comprise two fundamental entities i.e., matter and energy and the
Siddhas identified matter as Siva and
energy as Sakthi. They also identified that matter and
energy are co-existing and they cannot be separated.
Five Primordial Elements
Another
important concept of Siddhas is the five primordial elements or pancha boothas i.e., earth (solid), water
(fluid), fire (radiance), air (gas) and space (akasam). All the matter (both
created and evolved) including animal, plants or mineral comes under these five
primordial elements. The Siddhas also believed that the human anatomy and
physiology, the factors causing disease, the materials used for the treatment
and to cure the disease, and food consumed by the living organisms – all of
these fall within the five primordial categories.
Siddha Anatomy and Physiology
The human
body is composed of 96 Tattvas (Thathuvas) or basic
principles. Al these 96 tatwas fall under 14 broad categories. They include:
- Five elements,
- Five objects of senses,
- Five organs of action,
- Five organs of perception,
- Four intellectual faculties,
- Ten nerves,
- Five states of the soul,
- Three principles of moral evil,
- Three comic qualities, Three humours,
- Three regions,
- Eight predominant passions,
- Six stations of the soul, Seven constituent elements of the body,
- Ten vital airs, Five cases of the sheaths of the soul,
- Nine doors or vents of the body.
These
basic principles include Physical, Physiological, Mental and Intellectual
components of a person. They are nothing but the manifestations of the five
primordial elements.
Next to
the Tatwas the human body exists of 72000 blood vessels, 13000 nerves and ten
main arteries. 4448 diseases can be caused by the derangement of the three
humors.
List of 96 Tatwas or Basic Principles
Five Primordial Elements (5 - Pancha Bootham)
- Earth (prithvi)
- Water (appu)
- Fire (Theyu)
- Air (Vaayu-)
- Space (Aakaasam)
Five Sense Organs (5 - Aim Pori)
- Eye
- Ear
- Nose
- Tongue
- Skin
Five Functions Of Sense Organs (5 - Aim Pulan)
- Vision
- Hearing
- Smell
- Taste
- Touch
Five Motor Organs (5 - Kanmenthiriyam)
- Hands
- Legs
- Mouth
- Rectum
- Sex Organs
Perception Of Senses using Five Sense Organs (5 -
Gnanenthriyam)
- Smell
- Taste
- Sight
- Touch
- Hearing
Four Intellectual Faculties (4 - Karanam)
- Manam
- Bhuddhi
- Siddham
- Ahankaram
- Wisdom Of Self Realization ( 1- Arivu)
Ten Channels Of Life Force Responsible For The
Dynamics Of Prana – 10 (10 - Naadi)
- Idakalai
- Pinkalai
- Sulumunai
- Siguvai
- Purudan
- Kanthari
- Atthi
- Allampudai
- Sanguni
- Guru
Ten Vital Nerve Force Which Is Responsible For All
Kinds Of Movements (10 - Vayu)
- Pranan
- Abanan
- Uthanan
- Samanan
- Vyanan
- Nagan
- Koorman
- Kirukaran
- Devadhathan
- Dhanenjeyan
Five Visceral Cavities (5 - Asayam)
- Stomach (Amarvasayam
- Small Intestine (Pakirvasayam)
- Large Intestine Especially Rectum (Malavasayam)
- Urinary Bladder (Chalavasayam)
- Seminal Vesicle (Sukilavasayam)
Five States Of The Human Body Or Sheath (5 - Kosam)
- Physical Sheath (Annamaya Kosam)
- Mental Sheath (Manomaya Kosam)
- Respiratory Sheath (Pranamaya Kosam)
- Intellectual Sheath (Vignanamaya Kosam)
- Blissful Sheath (Ananthamaya Kosam)
Six Stations Of Soul (6 - Aatharam)
- Moolatharam
- Swathistanam
- Manipooragam
- Anakatham
- Visuthi
- Aakinai
Three Regions (3 - Mandalam)
- Fire Region (Agni Mandalam) - Thee Mandalam
- Solar Region (Soorya Mandalam)- Gnayiru Mandalam
- Lunar Region (Chandra Mandalam) - Thingal Mandalam
Three Impurities Of The Soul (3 - Malam)
- Aanavam
- Kanmam
- Mayai
Three Humours (3 - Thodam)
- Vatham
- Pitham
- Kapham
Three Physical Bindings (3 - Eadanai)
- Material Bindings (Porul Patru)
- Offspring Bindings (Makkal Patru)
- Worldly Bindings (Ulaga Patru)
Three Cosmic Qualities (3 - Gunam)
- Characters Of Renunciation Or Ascetic Virtues (Sathuva Gunam)
- Characters Of Ruler (Rajo Gunam)
- Immoral Characters (Thamo Gunam)
Two Acts (2 - Vinai)
- Good Acts (Nalvinai)
- Bad Acts (Theevinai)
Eight Passions (8 - Ragam)
- Desire (Kamam)
- Hatred (Kurotham)
- Stingy (Ulobam)
- Intense Or Strong Desire -Lust (Moham)
- The Feeling Of Respect Towards Yourself -Pride (Matham)
- Internal Conflict (Marcharyam)
- Mockery (Idumbai)
- Ego (Ahankaram)
- Sleep (Urakkam)
- Insensibility To
Surroundings (Uyirpadakkam)